The book brings together research that investigates how people experience products: durable, non-durable, or virtual. In contrast to other books, the present book takes a very broad, possibly all-inclusive perspective, on how people experience products. It thereby bridges gaps between several areas within psychology (e.g. perception, cognition, emotion) and links these areas to more applied areas of science, such as product design, human-computer interaction and marketing.The field of product experience research will include some of the research from four areas: Arts, Ergonomics, Technology, and Marketing. Traditionally, each of these four fields seems to have a natural emphasis on the human (ergonomics and marketing), the product (technology) or the experience (arts). However, to fully understand human product experience, we need to use different approaches and we need to build bridges between these various fields of expertise*Most comprehensive collection of psychological research behind product design and usability*Consistenly addresses the 3 components of human-product experience: the human, the product, and the experience*International contributions from experts in the field..

Crystallisable polymers represent a large share of the polymers used for manufacturing a wide variety of objects, and consequently have received continuous attention from scientists these past 60 years. Molecular compounds from crystallisable polymers, particularly from synthetic polymers, are receiving growing interest due to their potential application in the making of new materials such as multiporous membranes capable of capturing large particles as well as small pollutant molecules. The present book gives a detailed description of these promising systems. The first chapter is devoted to the presentation of important investigational techniques and some theoretical approaches. The second chapter is devoted to biopolymers, the first polymers known to produce molecular compounds, chiefly with water. The third chapter deals with synthetic polymers where compound formation is either due to hydrogen-bonding or to electrostatic interactions. The fourth chapter describes intercalates and clathrates systems for which compound formation is mainly due to a molecular recognition process.- First book on the subject- Gives a short but exhaustive description of investigational tools- Covers both biopolymers and synthetic polymers- Uses temperature-concentration phase diagrams abundantly for describing the systems- Describes systems from the nano to the microscopic level, including mechanical properties..

Large amounts of data obtained through environmental monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in 10 Asian countries and Australia have been compiled and explored using principles of environmental chemistry, toxicology, and risk assessment. This book also includes descriptions and discussions of current governmental policies, monitoring and surveillance programs, history of manufacturing and applications, emission sources, impacts on human health, and cross-boundary transport of POPs in these countries.* Compiles up-to-date sources, distributions, transport, and fates of highly concerned persistent organic pollutants (POPs) * Presents exploratory examinations of the data guided by the principles of environmental chemistry, toxicology, and risk assessment * Includes important context and insight regarding government policies, monitoring and surveillance programs, history of manufacturing and applications, emission sources, impact on human health, and cross-boundary transport of POPs..

Written at a post-graduate level, this new volume provides a cumulative overview of the research available on the pathogenesis of fear and anxiety in youths. Its aim is to give the reader an idea of the factors that are thought to be involved in the development of abnormal fear and anxiety in children and adolescents, and to integrate this knowledge in a comprehensive model. This book also gives an update of the current scientific status on the psychological and pharmacological treatment and assessment of anxiety disorders in youths.*Reviews research literature on the cause of childhood anxiety, not only the existence and treatment*Discusses empirically supported intervention strategies *Includes questionnaires for measuring anxiety and related concepts that can be employed for research purposes*Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents is the author's primary area of research..

The transport of neutrons in a multiplying system is an area of branching processes with a clear formalism. This book presents an account of the mathematical tools used in describing branching processes, which are then used to derive a large number of properties of the neutron distribution in multiplying systems with or without an external source. In the second part of the book, the theory is applied to the description of the neutron fluctuations in nuclear reactor cores as well as in small samples of fissile material. The question of how to extract information about the system under study is discussed. In particular the measurement of the reactivity of subcritical cores, driven with various Poisson and non-Poisson (pulsed) sources, and the identification of fissile material samples, is illustrated. The book gives pragmatic information for those planning and executing and evaluating experiments on such systems.- Gives a complete treatise of the mathematics of branching particle processes, and in particular neutron fluctuations, in a self-contained manner;- The first monograph containing the theory and application of neutron fluctuations in low power ADS (spallation and pulsed sources);- Suitable as a tutorial and handbook/reference book for scientists and graduate students;- One of the authors is the founder of the mathematical theory of neutron fluctuations in zero power systems...

Bonded composite repairs are efficient and cost effective means of repairing cracks and corrosion grind-out cavity in metallic structures, and composite structures sustained impact and ballistic damages, especially in aircraft structures. This book grew out of the recent research conducted at the Boeing Company and the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO, Australia) over the past ten years. Consequently it is predominately a compilation of the work by the authors and their colleagues at these two organizations on the design and analysis of composite repairs. Composite Repair is entirely devoted to the design and analysis of bonded repairs, focusing on the mathematical techniques and analysis approaches that are critical to the successful implementation of bonded repairs. The topics addressed are presentated in a sufficiently self-explanatory manner, and serve as a state-of-the-art reference guide to engineers, scientists, researchers and practitioners interested in the underpinning design methodology and the modelling of composite repairs.* The only book devoted entirely to the design and analysis of bonded repairs* Focusing on mathematical techniques and analytical methodologies that are critical to the successful implementation of bonded repair* A companion reference book to the United Stated Air Force (USAF) bonded repair guidelines (Guidelines for Composite Repair of Metallic Structures-CRMS, AFRL-WP-TR-1998-4113) and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Design Standard DEF(AUST)995 * Covering a variety of topics and effects: repairs of fatigue and sonic fatigue cracks, and corrosion grind-out cavity, and effects of secondary bending, octagon-shaped patches, thermal residual stresses, patches in proximity, patch tapering edge, etc...

Recent advances in the understanding of the genetic, neurochemical, behavioral and cultural underpinnings of addiction have led to rapid advances in the understanding of addiction as a disease. In fact, advances in basic science and the development of new pharmacological and behavioral therapies associated with them are appearing faster than can be assimilated not only by clinical researchers but practitioners and policy makers as well. Translation of science-based addictions knowledge into improved prevention, assessment and treatment, and communication of these changes to researchers and practitioners are significant challenges to the field.The general aim of this book is to summarize current and potential linkages between advances in addiction science and innovations in clinical practice. Whilst this book is primarily focused on translation, it also encompasses some scientific advances that are relevant to dissemination, and the book is itself a tool for disseminating innovative thinking.The goal is to generate interest in application opportunities from both recent research and theoretical advances.*Provides a much needed resource for translating current research into clinical practice*Focuses upon alcohol, tobacco, and substance abuse addictions*Addresses method of research and best dissemination techniques..

Though largely inaccessible, the geochemistry of Earth's mantle and core can be examined through a wide variety of approaches. Volume 2 focuses first on "remote" sensing using evidence from cosmochemical, seismic, petrologic and geochemical approaches. Mantle composition is then examined in detail through descriptions of mantle samples brought to Earth's surface through tectonic, volcanic, and volatile-outgassing processes. The volume concludes with examination of processes that modify the composition of the mantle and core including an early magma ocean, partial melting, element partitioning between minerals and melts, and physical mixing caused by plate subduction, mantle convection and mass exchange between mantle and core.Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry, (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003)* Comprehensive and authoritative scope and focus * Reviews from renowned scientists across a range of subjects, providing both overviews and new data, supplemented by extensive bibliographies * Extensive illustrations and examples from the field..

This volume covers the formation and biogeochemistry of a variety of important sediment types from their initial formation through their conversion (diagenesis) to sedimentary rocks. The volume deals with the chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic properties of sediments and sedimentary rocks and their use in interpreting the environment of formation and subsequent events in the history of sediments, and the nature of the ocean-atmosphere system through geological time. Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry, (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003)* Comprehensive and authoritative scope and focus * Reviews from renowned scientists across a range of subjects, providing both overviews and new data, supplemented by extensive bibliographies * Extensive illustrations and examples from the field..

Researchers and clinicians working with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) and related disorders who need the most current information available will find this volume of great use. This work covers contemporary theory, research, and treatment of the various subtypes of OCD and problems often referred to as OCD spectrum disorders. As the mental health field considers the next iteration of the DSM, an entire research agenda is being planned to elucidate issues such as how best to understand and classify OCD. The questions of subtypes and spectrum disorders are at the heart of this issue and will guide how OCD is conceptualized in DSM-V. This volume, dedicated to such diagnostic, theoretical, and treatment issues, helps informs the field of the most up-to-date knowledge and what remains to be resolved.* Deconstructs OCD into its subtypes* Reviews current research and treatment for these problems* Considers how OCD will be conceptualized in DSM-V* Represents an international scope with contributions from field experts in psychology, psychiatry, and social work* Includes critical discussion of the OCD subtype and OCD spectrum concepts..

Volume 1 provides a broad overview of the chemistry of the solar system. It includes chapters on the origin of the elements and solar system abundances, the solar nebula and planet formation, meteorite classification, the major types of meteorites, important processes in early solar system history, geochemistry of the terrestrial planets, the giant planets and their satellite, comets, and the formation and early differentiation of the Earth. This volume is intended to be the first reference work one would consult to learn about the chemistry of the solar system.Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003)..

In many plants, vibration and noise problems occur due to fluid flow, which can greatly disrupt smooth plant operations. These flow-related phenomena are called Flow-Induced Vibration.This book explains how and why such vibrations happen and provides hints and tips on how to avoid them in future plant design. The world-leading author team doesn’t assume prior knowledge of mathematical methods and provide the reader with information on the basics of modeling. The book includes several practical examples and thorough explanations of the structure, the evaluation method and the mechanisms to aid understanding of flow induced vibration.* Helps ensure smooth plant operations* Explains the structure, evaluation method and mechanisms * Shows how to avoid vibrations in future plant design..

The purpose of this book is to facilitate the use of fracture mechanics based failure assessment procedures for the evaluation and design of structures and components. All practical structures contain flaws and the optimum combination of cost efficiency and safety whilst achieving the required capability, can only be realised by using state of the art methods such as that represented by the European flaw assessment method SINTAP/FITNET to analyse the safety risk. This book is written by practitioners with extensive experience in both the development and use of integrity assessment methods and provides comprehensive information on the basic principles and use of analytical flaw assessment. It provides an introduction to the method, its background, how it can be applied, its potential and, importantly, its limitations. The explanations are complimented by using a large number of worked examples and validation exercises which illustrate all aspects of the procedure. In addition, for students and engineers who are new to the subject, a comprehensive glossary of basic terms used in fracture mechanics based integrity evaluations is included. The topics addressed include: - Crack driving force (CDF) and failure assessment diagram (FAD) type analyses- Preparation of the input parameters (crack dimensions, stress-strain properties, fracture toughness, statistical aspects)- Determination of the model parameters, (stress intensity factor and yield load solutions)- Treatment of combined primary and secondary loading, together with residual stress effects- Analysis of the effect of constraint effects (treatment of small defects and section size effects)- Treatment of mixed mode loading- Consideration of the influences of strength mismatch- Reliability aspects· Comprehensive description of the use of structural integrity methods to optimise cost effectiveness and safety· Detailed description of how to evaluate the integrity of structures containing cracks· Valuable background information for understanding the methods, their potential and limitations· Large number of worked examples, which demonstrate all aspects of the methods· Descriptive, readable writing style· Applicable to a wide range of interests, from the student (university or self study) to the expert who requires a 'state of the art' document..

This high-level aerospace reference book will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students of engineering, applied mathematics and physics. The author provides solutions for three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes layer subsonic and supersonic flows.* Computational work and experimental results show the real-world application of computational results* Easy computation and visualization of inviscid and viscous aerodynamic characteristics of flying configurations* Includes a fully optimized and integrated design for a proposed supersonic transport aircraft..

The increased knowledge about the structure of genomes in a number of species, about the complexity of transcriptomes, and the rapid growth in knowledge about mutant phenotypes have set off the large scale use of transgenes to answer basic biological questions, and to generate new crops and novel products. This volume includes twelve chapters, which to variable degrees describe the use of transgenic plants to explore possibilities and approaches for the modification of plant metabolism, adaptation or development. The interests of the authors range from tool development, to basic biochemical know-how about the engineering of enzymes, to exploring avenues for the modification of complex multigenic pathways, and include several examples for the engineering of specific pathways in different organs and developmental stages.* Prologue by Paul K. Stumpf and Eric E. Conn* Incorporates new concepts and insights in plant biochemistry and biology* Provides a conceptual framework regarding the challenges faced in engineering pathways* Discusses potential in engineering of metabolic end-products that are of vast economical importance, including genetic engineering of cellulose, seed storage proteins, and edible and industrial oils..

The purpose of this book is to present a state of art summary of current knowledge of methods of assessment of radionuclides in the terrestrial and marine environments. It cover the traditional methods of radioactivity measurements such as radiometrics techniques, but also recent developments in the mass spectrometry sector. The book starts with a short preface introducing the subject of the book, summarising content and philosophy of the book, as well as the most important historical achievements. The scientific topics are introduced by description of sampling methods, optimisation of sampling sites and sampling frequency. The recent developments in radiochemical separation methods using chromatography resins for the treatment of actinides, transuranics and other groups of radioelements are also described. No other book is available covering all aspects of environmental radioactivity measurements, although remarkable progress has been made in detection techniques over the last ten years. At present the new methods enable to carry out investigations which were not possible before, either because of lack of sensitivity or because of the fact that they required too large samples...